Physical Education
Hossein Samadi; Mohammad Seyedahmadi; Mohammadreza Sadeghian shahi; Jalil Moradi
Abstract
Background: The use of anabolic steroids is increasing in athletes due to body beauty and performance enhancement and is one of the major public health problems. The aim of study was to compare the characteristics of five major personality factors in male bodybuilding and fitness athletes with and without ...
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Background: The use of anabolic steroids is increasing in athletes due to body beauty and performance enhancement and is one of the major public health problems. The aim of study was to compare the characteristics of five major personality factors in male bodybuilding and fitness athletes with and without the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids.Materials and Methods: The research was practical in terms of purpose and in terms of strategy, it is a descriptive causal-comparative description. The statistical population of the present study included all male bodybuilding and fitness athletes in Yazd province. 105 athletes (50 with a history of use and 55 with no history of steroid use) with an age range of 18 to 48 years and at least two years of sports experience were selected as availabe. The instrument used was the personality questionnaire NEO-FFI. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results: The results showed athletes who use steroids have a higher score in the dimension of neuroticism and a lower score in the dimensions of extraversion, openness, adaptation and conscientiousness score than athletes who didnot use steroids. The results showed significant differences in the components of neuroticism (P=0/013), extraversion (P=0/02), adaptation (P=0/04) and conscientiousness (P=0/01). however, the difference between the components of openness to experience was not significant (P=0/26).Conclusion: The results showed that there is a significant difference between bodybuilding and fitness athletes with and without the use of anabolic steroids in the personality dimensions of neuroticism, extroversion, adaptability and conscientiousness.
MohammadHasn Shirsavar; Ali Mohammad Amirtash; Shahin Jalali; Mohsen Koshan; Fahimeh Keyvanloo; Mohammad SeyyedAhmadi
Volume 20, Issue 3 , September and October 2013, , Pages 292-301
Abstract
Background and purpose: Addiction is a dependence on the drug that makes him the physical and psychological dependence on drugs and will affect all his personal and social behavior and has been attacked as an important social pathology of human society. Therefore, the aim of this study was Effect of ...
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Background and purpose: Addiction is a dependence on the drug that makes him the physical and psychological dependence on drugs and will affect all his personal and social behavior and has been attacked as an important social pathology of human society. Therefore, the aim of this study was Effect of a given exercise program on quality of life and self steam of addicts.
Methods and materials: The study was quasi-experimental. Between drug addiction in the center of the 60 Congress, 60 of whom were purposefully selected and divided into two groups. The first group, There were 30 people after detoxification and drug treatments did not participate in exercise programs and advice received, the second Group, There were 30 people on drug treatment and counseling after detoxification were involved in sports programs. In two pre-test and post test subjects responded to questionnaires about quality of life and self steam. Data analysis was performed using the dependent and independent T test whit Using software SPSS16 at significant level (p
Mohammad Seyyedahmadi; Akbar Pejhan; Fattah Moradi; Soran Aminiaghaddam
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January and February 2013, , Pages 325-335
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is the one of adipocytokines, which may be a marker for coronary artery disease and appears to have protective metabolic and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to survey relationships between serum adiponectin levels with insulin resistance, blood pressure, ...
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Background: Adiponectin is the one of adipocytokines, which may be a marker for coronary artery disease and appears to have protective metabolic and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to survey relationships between serum adiponectin levels with insulin resistance, blood pressure, and cardio-respiratory function in sedentary men. Methods and Materials: In semi-experimental study, forty five young men, without experience of regular physical activity during six months ago, were selected. After 12 h fasting (at 8 A.M.), blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of adiponectin, insulin, and glucose. Cardio-respiratory function of subjects was estimated using Balke's treadmill protocol and their blood pressures were measured by sphygmomanometer. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software and the relationships were calculated by Pearson’s correlation analysis. P value of less than 0.01 was considered statistically significant. Results: Adiponectin levels were negatively correlated to body mass index (r = –0.41, p < 0.002), insulin (r = –0.45, p < 0.009), glucose (r = –0.27, p < 0.007), and HOMA index (r = –0.40, p < 0.002), while positively correlated to maximal oxygen uptake (r = 0.31, p < 0.006). No significant correlations were observed between adiponectin levels and systolic (r = –0.13, p < 0.097) and diastolic blood pressure (r = –0.09, p < 0.117). Conclusions: It appears that in sedentary men, who have lower cardio-respiratory fitness, lower adiponectin levels may be associated with disorder in glycemic, and this promotes probability of diabetes type II and cardiovascular diseases in these subjects. Also, serum concentrations of adiponectin are directly correlated with cardio-respiratory function, but it appears that there is no correlation between adiponectin levels and blood pressure.
Mohammad Seyyed Ahmadi; Hamid Arazi; Marjan Kari; Ehsan Asghari; Rambod Khajeie
Volume 19, Issue 2 , May and June 2012, , Pages 136-145
Abstract
Background and purpose: The specific preparatory activities may have different effects on various body systems which are not yet clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a single session of specific preparatory activities on humoral immunity and white blood cell (WBC) immediately ...
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Background and purpose: The specific preparatory activities may have different effects on various body systems which are not yet clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a single session of specific preparatory activities on humoral immunity and white blood cell (WBC) immediately and 24 hours after exercise in elite rock climbing athletes. Methodology: Ten elite rock climbing athletes (age 23.3±2.2 years, height 173.6 ±4.8 cm, and weight 64.5±7.3 kg) took part in this quasi-experimental study. Subjects were asked to perform specific exercises for 95 minutes (10 minutes warm up, 75 minutes climbing with different degrees of severity, and 10 minutes cool down). Blood samples were taken before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 24 hours after exercise. Data were analyzed using paired sample Student’s t-test and general linear model (p
Fahimeh Keyvanloo; Shahin Jalali; Mohsen Koushan; Mohammad Seyyed Ahmadi; Mohsen Ghofrani; Masoomeh Shojaei; Naeemeh Taheri
Volume 19, Issue 2 , May and June 2012, , Pages 181-189
Abstract
Background and purpose: In recent years, psychological and physiological effects of music on athletic performance have become an attractive field of research. The present study investigates the effect of various kinds of music on mood characteristics and performance accuracy in skilled and semi-skilled ...
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Background and purpose: In recent years, psychological and physiological effects of music on athletic performance have become an attractive field of research. The present study investigates the effect of various kinds of music on mood characteristics and performance accuracy in skilled and semi-skilled female basketball players. Methods: The population for this quasi-experimental study consisted of skilled players (League) and semi-skilled players (PE students). Seventy-two female basketball players (36 skilled and 36 semi-skilled) were selected randomly and assigned to different groups (exciting music, relaxation music, and favorite music). Data was collected in two days using Brunel mood scale and 5-value Zachary scale for measuring the accuracy of basketball free-throw. Results: ANOVA results show that listening to music improved mood characteristics of participants significantly regardless of their skill level (p=0.012). The interaction of test and type of music was significant on mood variables (p=0.01). Favorite music was more effective than exciting music in improving mood properties (p
Mohsen Koushan; Fereshteh Golestaneh; Mohammad Seyedahmadi; Mehdi Mogharnasi; Fahimeh Keavanlou
Volume 18, Issue 2 , July and August 2011, , Pages 91-97
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Addict women face more mental problems than healthy women، and the issue is less attended. Applying inexpensive، easily accessible preventive measures like aerobic training can improve their mental health. The present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training on ...
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Background and Purpose: Addict women face more mental problems than healthy women، and the issue is less attended. Applying inexpensive، easily accessible preventive measures like aerobic training can improve their mental health. The present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training on the mental health of addict women in the central prison of Zahedan، Iran.
Methods and Materials: This experimental study involved the addict women in the central prison of Zahedan، Iran in 2008. Thirty addict women were randomly selected and assigned into two equal groups (15 controls and 15 experimental). The Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 28) and Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire were used for Data collection. The experimental group was trained for 8 weeks، three weekly sessions of 45 minutes. Both groups completed the questionnaires before and after the 8-week training for the evaluation of their mental health status. The data were analyzed in SPSS 15 using descriptive statistics (frequency، mean and standard deviation) as well as the dependent and independent t-test.
Results: Results showed that after eight weeks of aerobic training program، symptoms significantly improved: physical symptoms (from 12.20±6.37 to 4/±53±2/83)، anxiety (from 14.47±4.50 to 4.33±2.13)، depression (from 11.67±6.78 to 3.60±3.25) and mental health (from 48.20±15.50 to 18.87±6.71) (p≤0.05). However، the social functioning of the participants did not significantly change (from 10.33±4.43 to 7.70±3.80).
Conclusion: The results indicated aerobic training had an effective role in improving the mental health of addict women.
Fahimeh Keavanlou; bahram Yousefi; Zahra salman; Akbar Pejhan; mohamad Seyedahmadi; Hamidreza Taheri
Volume 18, Issue 2 , July and August 2011, , Pages 125-131
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Because of dyspraxia students have difficulty in some movements and deformity of the spine as a factor can lead to restriction of their movement، the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between vertebral column deformities and components of the Kepart ...
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Background and Purpose: Because of dyspraxia students have difficulty in some movements and deformity of the spine as a factor can lead to restriction of their movement، the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between vertebral column deformities and components of the Kepart test in students with dyspraxia.
Methods and Materials: The present descriptive analytical research is a cross-sectional study، involving the male elementary school students of Tehran in 2009. The participants were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling: Zone 4 was chosen by random from among the 22 municipal districts; 5 schools were selected by random from among many schools in the zone; finally، 1100 students were randomly selected. In the first step، we distributed the questionnaire about the conceptual - movement deficiency (validity 0.86). Eighty students of 8 to 12 years with problems in at least 5 components (out of 14) participated in the Kepart test (validity 0.95). From them، 34 students with the lowest scores were selected as the study subjects. Then، with the use of Spinal – Mouse machine، the vertebrate column deformities of students were studied from frontal and sagital aspects. For analyzing the data، Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used in SPSS 13.
Results: The prevalence of deformities was flat back 40%، thoracic kyphosis 29.16% and thoracic scoliosis 20.83% in the subjects. A significant relationship (p=0.05، r=0.34) was found between lumbar lordosis and side walking in students with dyspraxia. Also، the prevalence of dyspraxia was 7.26%، and 2.18% suffered from severe dyspraxia.
Conclusion: The results showed that the lower the amount of lumbar lordosis، the lower the students’ ability to side walk.
Mohammad Seyyed Ahmadi; Fahimeh Keyvanloo; Hamidreza Taheri; Akbar Pejhan; Javad Taherzadeh
Volume 17, Issue 4 , January and February 2011, , Pages 256-265
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Parkinsons disease is one of the common debilitating factors in the elderly. It is caused by disorders in the nucleus of cerebral base which control body movements such as walking and body balance. The present research is intended to study and compare the effects of three exercise ...
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Background and Purpose: Parkinsons disease is one of the common debilitating factors in the elderly. It is caused by disorders in the nucleus of cerebral base which control body movements such as walking and body balance. The present research is intended to study and compare the effects of three exercise patterns (rhythmic, medical ball exercising and stretching exercise) on Parkinsonian patients equilibrium. Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental study involved the population of Parkinsonian patients in Kashan and Aranobidgol Iran. Thirty five male patients (61±3 years old) with minor Parkinsons disease (Stage 3 in Y&H scale) were selected and randomly assigned into one of the three groups: rhythmic group (N=11) medical ball exercising group (N=12) and stretching exercising group (N=12). All participants took their medications under medical supervision in the study period. Each group performed the assigned pattern for 10 weeks (three one-hour sessions each week). Berg Balance Scaling (BBS) was used for measurements and dependent t-test one-way ANOVA and LSD tests were used for data analysis. All analyses were done in SPSS 16. Results: The results showed that the three different exercising patterns (Rhythmic medical Ball and stretching exercises) had significantly improved patients equilibrium by 15.7 % 5.58% and 4.28% respectively (P=0.001). It also revealed that rhythmic exercises had more considerable effects on Parkinson patients equilibrium recovery than medical ball (P=0.03), and stretching exercise (P=0.008). The effect of exercising with medical ball and stretching exercises on Parkinson patients balance recovery is almost identical with no significant difference (P=0.530). Conclusion: Rhythmic exercise patterns cause more considerable effects on the improvement of equilibrium in Parkinsons patients than other patterns.
Mohammad Seyyed Ahmadi; Akbar Pejhan; Fahimeh Keyvanloo
Volume 17, Issue 4 , January and February 2011, , Pages 266-273
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Since the neck supports head weight, its abnormal positioning not only results in spoiled posture but also predisposes the body for physical disabilities, abnormalities, and injuries. The present study was conducted to investigate the radiographic component in forward head posture ...
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Background and Purpose: Since the neck supports head weight, its abnormal positioning not only results in spoiled posture but also predisposes the body for physical disabilities, abnormalities, and injuries. The present study was conducted to investigate the radiographic component in forward head posture in relation whit gender and height. Materials and methods: In this descriptive analytical study, 300 students from Razi University in Kermanshah, Iran (150 males and 150 females) were selected randomly and screened with the use of PPV (Posture Pro V) software; 14 students with forward head posture (FHP>5) and 14 healthy students (1≥FHP ≥0) were selected as subjects and participated in the following phase of research with informed consent. Cervical spines were evaluated by radiography from lateral view and then evaluated for anterior head translation (AHT), cervical lordosis (C2-C7), and superior cervical curvature (C1-C2) in lateral cervical spines. Mean differences of healthy and FHP subject’s variables were analyzed and compared with independent t-test. Also, Pearson’s coefficient of correlation was used for investigating the relationships between variables at p
Fahimeh Keyvanlou; Mohsen Koushan; Mohammad Seyedahmadi; Mostafa Mohammadi Raoof
Volume 17, Issue 2 , July and August 2010, , Pages 116-122
Abstract
Background and Purpose: According to the World Health Organization report, mental disorders are among the major causes of disabilities worldwide, which can decrease the success rate of educational progress in students and prevent their further achievements. Physicians believe that physical fitness is ...
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Background and Purpose: According to the World Health Organization report, mental disorders are among the major causes of disabilities worldwide, which can decrease the success rate of educational progress in students and prevent their further achievements. Physicians believe that physical fitness is a suitable field to access good mental status. This study intended to compare the mental health of athlete and non-athlete students. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional study involved 74 university students who were randomly selected. The Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 28) and Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire were used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) as well as the independent t-test in SPSS. 13. Results: The total prevalence of mental disorders was 61.76%; but it was 9.4% among athlete students and 30.2 among non-athletes; the observed difference was significant (p